St. Thomas of Villanova, often referred to as the “Almsgiver” and “Father of the Poor,” was a renowned Spanish bishop, member of the Augustinian Order, and a prominent figure of the Counter-Reformation. His life, marked by deep personal austerity and an unwavering commitment to charity, remains a shining example of episcopal holiness and pastoral care. His feast day is celebrated on September 22.
Early Life and Education
Thomas was born Tomás García Martínez in 1488 in Fuenllana, Spain, to a wealthy and devout family. Although he grew up in a home of privilege, his parents instilled in him a deep sense of Christian charity, which he exemplified throughout his life. By the age of 16, he entered the University of Alcalá, where he excelled in theology and philosophy. He eventually joined the Augustinian Order in 1516, taking the name Thomas of Villanova after a small town where his family had moved.
Religious Life and Leadership
After entering the Augustinians, Thomas quickly became known for his ascetic lifestyle, personal humility, and brilliant intellect. His deep spirituality and talent for teaching saw him appointed as a professor at the University of Salamanca. He gained prominence for his sermons, which drew large crowds, and his profound understanding of theology and scripture.
His gifts of leadership became evident when he served as prior of several Augustinian convents, reforming lax practices and emphasizing the importance of holiness, discipline, and community life. He also became provincial of the Augustinian Order in Spain, where he oversaw further reforms within the Order. Despite his many duties, Thomas remained committed to preaching, teaching, and giving alms.
Bishop of Valencia
In 1544, Thomas was appointed Archbishop of Valencia by Emperor Charles V, despite his resistance to the position. Known for his extreme reluctance to accept such honors, Thomas only took on the role after being ordered by his superiors. Upon assuming office, he found the diocese in a state of disrepair, both spiritually and materially. His first priority was the clergy, whom he reformed with strict discipline, ensuring that they were examples of holiness for the faithful.
He poured his heart into caring for the poor, sick, and marginalized. St. Thomas gave much of the Church’s revenue directly to the needy and established numerous charitable institutions, including orphanages, hospitals, and schools. He often gave away his personal belongings, sometimes even his bed, leaving nothing for himself. His motto was: “Charity is not just a duty but a privilege.”
Almsgiver and Reformer
St. Thomas became known as the “Almsgiver”, as he dedicated much of his life to the service of the poor. He distributed food, clothes, and money, always mindful of the dignity of those he served. He refused to live in luxury, wearing simple clothing and using any wealth that came his way to alleviate the suffering of others.
As a bishop, he made the needs of his people his primary concern, but he also worked tirelessly for the reform of the Church. His sermons were legendary for their power and eloquence, drawing large crowds. He spoke out against corruption, greed, and injustice, both within the Church and in society, calling all people to conversion.
Death and Legacy
After a life filled with service, St. Thomas of Villanova died on September 8, 1555, the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. His death was peaceful, fitting for a man who had spent his entire life in the service of others and in deep union with God. He was canonized by Pope Alexander VII in 1658.
St. Thomas’ legacy is primarily marked by his charity and his reforming spirit. He is a model for bishops, demonstrating how to balance administration with pastoral care and how to use ecclesiastical wealth for the good of the poor. His life exemplifies the call to holiness in both personal poverty and in the service of others.
Spiritual Lessons from St. Thomas of Villanova
• Love for the Poor: St. Thomas’ dedication to the poor reminds us of Christ’s call to care for the least among us (Matthew 25:40).
• Humility in Leadership: Despite his high position, St. Thomas remained humble, considering his role as bishop a duty rather than an honor. His humility offers a model for any Christian called to positions of authority.
• Evangelical Poverty: St. Thomas embodied the spirit of poverty, giving freely of his resources, which highlights the Christian call to detach from materialism and focus on the needs of others.St. Thomas of Villanova stands as a true example of Christian charity and leadership, one whose life calls us to consider how we too can live in service of God and neighbor, especially the poorest among us.